---
title: "Decomposing total P&L into realised and unrealised"
slug: "decomposing-total-pnl-into-realised-and-delta-unrealised"
updated: 2026-10-07T11:03:28Z
published: 2026-10-07T11:03:28Z
canonical: "support.lusid.com/decomposing-total-pnl-into-realised-and-delta-unrealised"
---

> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://support.lusid.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Decomposing total P&L into realised and unrealised

You can choose to decompose [total P&L](/v1/docs/how-does-lusid-calculate-pl) for a holding into:

- Realised P&L, which is gain/loss from transactions during a window.
- Unrealised P&L, which is the change in unrealised gain/loss during a window.

> **Note**: Alternatively, you can decompose total P&L into [holding and trading](/v1/docs/decomposing-total-pnl-into-holding-and-trading-gain-loss) gain/loss. These different methodologies are not intended to be mixed in the same valuation report.

## Holding currency

You can decompose total P&L in holding currency using the following metrics:

- `ProfitAndLoss/Total`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Market`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Realised/Market`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Unrealised/Market`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Other`

Note the following:

- LUSID classifies P&L from carry activity, amortisation and accrual as `Other`.
- Carry activity is only reported if transaction types have explicit `Carry` or `CarryAsPnl` [movements](/v1/docs/using-the-carry-movement-types-to-configure-an-a2b-report).

## Portfolio currency

You can decompose total P&L in portfolio currency using the following metrics, to understand the impact of exchange rate fluctuations between holding and portfolio currencies:

- `ProfitAndLoss/Total/PortfolioCcy`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Market/PortfolioCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Realised/Market/PortfolioCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Unrealised/Market/PortfolioCcy`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Fx/PortfolioCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Realised/Fx/PortfolioCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Unrealised/Fx/PortfolioCcy`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Other/PortfolioCcy`

Note the following:

- FX rates between holding and portfolio currencies are required for the trade dates of each contributing transaction (to calculate holding cost) and for the valuation date (to calculate PV).
- Market gain/loss includes [cross gain/loss](/v1/docs/how-does-lusid-calculate-cross-gain-loss).

## Report currency

You can decompose total P&L in report currency using the following metrics [where specified in a valuation request](/v1/docs/how-do-i-perform-a-valuation#data-fields):

- `ProfitAndLoss/Total/ReportCcy`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Market/ReportCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Realised/Market/ReportCcy`
    - `ProfitAndLoss/Unrealised/Market/ReportCcy`
  - `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Other/ReportCcy`

Note the following:

- An FX rate is required from holding to report currency for just the valuation date. This means holding cost in report currency is calculated more naively than holding cost in portfolio currency.
- The following metrics are also available but do not contribute to the total in report currency: `ProfitAndLoss/Total/Fx/ReportCcy`, `ProfitAndLoss/Realised/Fx/ReportCcy` and `ProfitAndLoss/Unrealised/Fx/ReportCcy`. A FX rate from portfolio to report currency is required for the valuation date.